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Experts recommend choosing the career by vocation ―the degree must lay the foundations of knowledge― and then seek job guidance in a postgraduate; but no one is aware that the employability of a university degree is a determining reason on many occasions for opting for one or the other. For this reason, and for the first time, in its classification campus quality report, the BBVA Foundation and the Valencian Institute for Economic Research (IVIE) have included the report Labor insertion of graduates in the Spanish University System, which is accompanied by a kind of calculator that allows the student to know the characteristics of each degree. This calculator is based on data from the Survey of Labor Insertion of University Graduates (INE) of graduates five years earlier, and its results are divided into four indicators: the employment rate, the money earned (percentage equal to or greater than 1,500 euros per month), the adjustment of the position with the level of studies and the adjustment of employment to the area of study.
Crossing the four sections, the degree of Medicine occupies the number one position, since after five years 95% of graduates work, in jobs that fit their studies (99%) and earn more than 1,500 euros. Practically all of them then complete the end of the MIR (Resident Internal Physician). Precariousness, however, is common in the National Health System: one in three physicians currently has a temporary payroll, according to the Survey on the situation of the medical profession in Spain promoted by its official colleges and unions in 2020.
The next nine grades in terms of employability are engineering. These technical careers -except in some specialties and campuses- do not fill the first places despite the enormous demand from companies with this profile. For 46% of its projects, Microsoft does not find enough personnel in Spain and 80% of these will be delayed, explained Alberto Granados, its president, last year at the event of the Knowledge and Development Foundation (CYD). In the IVIE search engine, the following engineering fields that are close to full employment (between 93% and 96%) are ranked from second to ninth place, in this order: aeronautics, computers, industrial technologies, information technology, telecommunications, development of software and applications, energy, electrical, and electronics.
This strength of engineering is reflected in the universities that lead the ranking: the polytechnics of Madrid, Cartagena and Catalonia, all focused on this field. Among them is also the Santa Teresa de Jesús de Ávila University, so small that its figures are not comparable.
In a recent study commissioned by the CYD Foundation on the perception of Spaniards about the university system, 70% of those surveyed reproach it for being too theoretical and impractical, and 48% consider that it does not adapt to market demands. . However, there are degrees that you can take but are not in high demand. For example, only 400 agronomists finish their master’s each course, a very insufficient number to cover the needs to modernize and make agricultural production sustainable.
In the queue for employability are careers in the humanities, as has happened in the past. Although three out of four Archeology graduates work, only half (54%) do so in something related to their field of study. History of Art, Conservation and Fine Arts are also in the last positions.
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